格式塔心理学原理-第40部分
按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页，按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页，按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部！
————未阅读完？加入书签已便下次继续阅读！
N籗M怱O陽｝v �FO/f �（W儯к徎yIQ恘剉0W筫 �｝v橷1豐梍 梖N筽 � 甆睿筽 0⿱b霳奲；｛孨蛓yr婳剉▼簨╟邚0RTN鄗…N �皊（Wb霳轛0R；｛N蛓yr婳
Neg0
俌済b霳惽�_eQ荆~n徲^剉筫誰奲N魜0W豐S@w剉：R纎：S遅RbN*NbN*N錘
N剉：S遅 �＋g �r俰_剉N魜'‘縊（Wte*N：S遅匭坢1Y � �N闟軴Yu（W癳b_b剉钀R：S遅匭 �購汵癳b_b剉钀R：S遅皊（W weg｜_dk
N T �蟢N*N钀R：S遅GW cvQ陙珟剉s^GW：R纎 �
N T��＋YaS �1923t^a �0S_：R纎剉豐S
NN魜鰁 �_N颯齹裇 u T7h拧Q�（W鍕拧Q…N �豐S噑�rate of change �惞p裇 u豐S0（W；｛N蛓拧産_虘 �i �f�x � �vQ…Ni鉔h垼篟纎：_�b�vQ諲EQRLu殻vyr乢 � �X鉔h�N鸑aeg恘�arbitary origin �剉輱粂 �郪dk鶴di�dx=8^pe �颯/f �（W；｛孨蛓拧産_虘 �
N臢i �g�x � � �N鶴di�dX ���x �0俌済孨6桙＇ped2i�d2x剉輣渆剉魐縹egh垼簓 �俌㑇48a@b：y � �；｛孨蛓｛｜媁剉R^R1u㑇48剉b孴Ceg婳翄0俌済b霳 愰bN*NP筽 �HN �S_：R纎剉豐SY嶯R‘殻Фr‘鰁�㑇48a � �儯v：R纎NvQ譳粣剉s^GW：R纎N7h0FO/f �S_豐S噑彇@wX �豐S鰁 �購蛓拧Q縊
N峇cknx哊0嶯/f �（W㑇48b虘b� �P筽詋儯T鬡剉s^GW：R纎譙鬴Y剉：R纎 � �（W㑇48c虘b� �P筽詋儯T鬡剉s^GW：R纎譙鬴剉：R纎0（W購汵ag鯪 N �俌済P筽剉：R纎孴儯ёk粣剉s^GW：R纎KN魰剉睿�_ASR'Y剉輯 �HNO鶴皊N蛓GY_剉孴 gaIN剉觺済 �l歬嶉e（W70t^錘MR1颍~裇皊哊購蛓觺済0S_P筽剉：R纎詋儯ёk粣剉s^GW：R纎鬴：_鰁 �P筽Y鶴皊N9hf縹 �颯/f �S_P筽剉：R纎詋儯ёk粣剉：R纎鬴1_鰁 �P筽Y鶴皊N9h梖縹 �=。╓購N蛓拧産_虘 �N剉：R纎詋P筽：R纎鬴1_ � �鍿N剉：R纎詋P筽：R纎鬴：_0S_購汵：R纎/f1ul彣R剉W豽衏汷鰁 �HN購汵縹縊陙6q �6q0W豐b哊W痵0嶯/f �l歬嵂s�Mach rings �翄f �钀MO觺済
N/f钀MO：R纎剉觺済 � �/f gV崕N：R纎（W'Y凈V虘b梽vR^ �購N筽颍�1ul歬崳籫篘ASRnZi0Wc鶴哊�1865t^ �1885t^ �0b霳闟蟆╓N*N筫b楖＇l歬崉vt簨O蹚Nek栶�0l歬崵嫞篘 �購蛓觺済瘇梗�/fr偵� � �N諲剉灒歄：NNk�芛
梱Q�Helmholtz �剉胈tf＇t簨鴙z剉 utгkt簨�physiologi
�cal theory of contrast �剉gTN*N翄f �鶴皊（W笅Y閑 g剉Ye褃fN…N �颯/f皊鉔剉Ye褃fNR》PT嶯奲儯�weu哊0FO/f �W痵剉鶴皊�_N1/f魦 �N*N：S遅匭剉癳b_秗 �/fN*N膥莮顣槝0購*N顣槝/f1uM�R�萒W�M�R�Harrower �孴b；g篘9hnc購N聣筽衏鶴剉 � �N �b霳fnx0W栶弳N購7h剉婲灒� �sS g）R嶯yr殻_秗膥莮剉N汵ag鯪O ul歬嵂s � �S_N；偱‘礠
N*Y g）R嶯購蛓膥莮鰁 �購汵W痵
NO鶴皊b�
N*Yf》f0b霳颍N）R^黤�Liebmann �He擽…N哊銐0R �甆睿�_（W uR粂筫b梺壴k臢臢 ur俰_睿�_eg梍鬴燫 g汻0郪dk �萒WZS隭孴b梍鶴觺簨：N �俌済l歬嵂s/f膥莮觺済剉輯 �HNUSUSr俰_豐S/f
NO ul歬嵂s剉0〃｝）R痚�Thouless �颍~_U哊購7h剉灒� �購汵灒毩嫗＇哊
N饛剉觺簨�（WN膥荆_緥剉灒殹璑 �b霳翄灒N〃｝）R痚剉裇皊 �Ndk T鰁 �nx藌哊垟歬嵂s �緥藌剉lxr倢To弐侹N魰睿В玆剉He寶0
膥莮孴�｛m媉�g孴g'Y剉USN'‘
皊（W �b霳颍~0R緩哊b霳矉…N剉術*N6柕k0b霳颍~（W鍌r^
N T剉ag鯪 N~莮蹚L垎Nxvz � � gsQ購蛓膥莮剉N汵 gHe烻R_N颍~鷁藌w峞g0奲b霳剉b1N；g鄗剉_婙v詋儚/f怱_剉 �（W鍕_姟璑b霳~栶弳Nb霳xvz剉cSR �_NsS�｛m媉�law of pragnanz � �儯b u剉Y�‘膥莮�stationary or…ganizations �N術汵g'Yg烻t�maxim
�minimum principles �T�黽峞g哊0灒�
N �鍕殻_M�^嶯b霳剉te*N▼簨�b霳颍В╱T蛓b__G惲壡徺�*N殻_ �俌邁N�unity �0N魜�uniformity �0o偅齓剉迯韣�good continuation �0�｛US剉b_秗�simple shape �孴頃T�closur �0FO/f �貜W怸uN筽 �儯В╓_薡鰁珗衏蔛菑 �FO（WTeg剉▼簨…N gU_ �1/fb霳@b実'Y婲鯪孴g婲鯪剉USN'‘KN魰剉睿В玆0皊（W �b霳臺｛�9hnc購N聣筽eg蹚L�b霳剉▼簨 �v^e圗QN汵翄nc �錘縊：Nb霳剉：SR衏汷鬴Y剉Pg檈0
俰eu0W魦 �gP枽^剉USN'‘/fN魜剉USN'‘ � �g'YP枽^剉USN'‘R/ft蟆畡vnpf剉USN'‘0（Wb霳剉婳P＇…N �N�GW（u㑇b_h垼簓�；｛N蛓（WTa��after…image �灒殹璑（u㑇b_h垼簓 �v^（W螿1_膥莮剉Y汻剉vQ諲He擽…N（u㑇b_h垼簓�；｛孨蛓RSO皊（Wo偅齓剉b_秗孴o偅齓剉迯韣I｛婳翄…N0b霳齹&T蜰 u購N蛓觺済剉鸑UON蛓烻郪bag鯪…N梍0RN筽梖：ybT �W惥a剉/f �b霳�b霳剉顣槝：ONyr妅剉~屽g �FO/f �俌済b霳（uvQ諲N汵婲灒g燫錘e圗Q剉輯 �Rb霳颯錘蜰b霳焣墶畡vN汵婲灒А璑梍鶴術汵觺簨0婳俌 �S_b霳鑜茐NE^杸螾gqGr鰁 �b霳 w0RN _wQ gb_秗孴h埮‘剉8��FO/f �俌済b霳諎@w裇U購E^杸螾剉Ta� �HN �b霳@b翂剉NR縊/fN釼！j剩�
Nn剉 N墕N0Ta專�ONnpf'‘ �購/fN鍂蓧鴙詋儚 �妱v �FO/ftS詋鍂蓧N魜梍Y �MR�h埌s鶴g z剉�｛S � �T�Rh埌s鶴g'Y z剉�｛S0
6q � �亯蟆N uN _8亜vTa�/f
N颯齹剉 �烻薡剉8丯殻гk鸑UON _nf悇vgqGrwQ g鬴：_剉гk�嶯/f �㑇49 usQ嶯疩穞Q｛v！X；‘邁�President Van Hindenbury �剉N*N坃｝Y剉Ta�0
vQ！k �⿱b霳 w㑇50剉㑇b_0P鍌‘OvP6qN �‘OO w0R購E^㑇b_｝Ye哊鬴Y剉齹蠎 �ck螾N餝ck（W袕O剉5u≧：g亯詋N餝驎n剉5u≧：g坢�鬴Y剉齹蠎N7h0
b颍~：_寙N齹蠎孴npfKN魰剉購蛓T���_N笅b@b衏汷剉翄nc鴙S_
NEQR � �購/f郪：N �蜰t簨
N矉 �購蛓T��/fZW灒v0⿱b霳蛻
YN N蹅襌剉N祂輯� gT剉
N漁V崕N鰁魰剉R^S＋T哊齹 YO烺剉gNOP枽^剉齹蠎 �翂箯x �p�108 �0購蛓拧Q=。╓NR拧産_虘龕/fcknx剉 �FO（Wyr殻v拧産_虘梺塏*NASR蛻亯剉鼩＇t�corollary �0GP殻�b霳ck（W�Q唲v~豐S1uN*N鴙g魦剉歂~�subsystem �孴N*N'Y剉膭飝揯膥b�蜰購*N膭飝揯…Nb霳颯錘9hnc梺壭c諷=颯齹Y剉齹蠎 �0（Wb霳b霳剉聣筽（u嶯購N拧産_鰁 �b霳臺｛槉bgT剉齹蠎豐梍g剉*N~S_O1u歂~孴膭飝揯膥b剉te*N~0b霳裇皊 �（W購N菑 z…N �剉歂~蜰膭飝揯…N=颯齹Y0W衏諷齹蠎 �錘魜嶯（W購N菑 zKNT �儯ш伀巹v齹蠎詋儯QMR剉齹蠎鬴'Y0蹅襌（W1924t^購N烻t（u嶯 g：gSO剉b暿SvQ
N璭瀀燫剉npf0 weg �購_N T7h悾╱嶯b霳顅MR剉顣槝�俌済yr殻v蚐擽~齹 Y8T諷笅Y齹蠎剉輯 �HN儯�1O購7hZP �蜰 �穬梍npf �_N1/f魦 �穬梍g'Y z剉USN'‘�俌済儯v齹蠎汷擽…N璭 �b�臢臢@P枎N坃剉凈VKN匭 �HN ugNO z剉USN'‘0
eg陙pe蠎z槒^孴aINI｛聣筽剉膥莮
0R顅MR：Nbk*g豞皨；gfN瞺亯剉麐��；gfN瞺亯（W；｛N鄗…N颍~
R^ � �颯齹O‘憉O�（W；g鄗剉鎷苸▼簨…N/f&T颍~豞皨哊諲剉N；偮壒p0郪dk �⿱b霳俧PdkY � wN wb霳膹蔔：NbkN（W；gfN_4Y鰁衏鶴剉顣槝O鶴哊繬HN！崱 �俌済nx g繬HN！崱剉輯0b霳 w0R哊胈tf＇（WvQteTO（u�integrative func
�tion �…N剉yr殻N
