论语(英文版)-第9部分
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when he entered the ancestral temple of the state； he asked about everything。
when any of his friends died； if he had no relations offices； he would say；〃i will bury him。〃
when a friend sent him a present； though it might be a carriage and horses；he did not bow。
the only present for which he bowed was that of the flesh of sacrifice。
in bed； he did not lie like a corpse。 at home； he did not put on any formaldeportment。
when he saw any one in a mourning dress； though it might be an acquaintance；he would change countenance； when he saw any one wearing the cap of full dress；or a blind person； though he might be in his undress； he would salute him in aceremonious manner。
to any person in mourning he bowed forward to the crossbar of his carriage；he bowed in the same way to any one bearing the tables of population。
when he was at an entertainment where there was an abundance of provisionsset before him； he would change countenance and rise up。
on a sudden clap of thunder； or a violent wind； he would change countenance。
when he was about to mount his carriage； he would stand straight； holdingthe cord。
when he was in the carriage； he did not turn his head quite round； he didnot talk hastily； he did not point with his hands。
seeing the countenance； it instantly rises。 it flies round； and by and bysettles。
the master said； 〃there is the hen…pheasant on the hill bridge。 at itsseason！ at its season！〃 tsze…lu made a motion to it。 thrice it smelt him andthen rose。
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the master said； 〃the men of former times in the matters of ceremonies andmusic were rustics； it is said； while the men of these latter times； inceremonies and music； are acplished gentlemen。
〃if i have occasion to use those things； i follow the men of former times。〃
the master said； 〃of those who were with me in ch'an and ts'ai； there arenone to be found to enter my door。〃
distinguished for their virtuous principles and practice； there were yenyuan； min tsze…ch'ien； zan po…niu； and chung…kung； for their ability in speech；tsai wo and tsze…kung； for their administrative talents； zan yu and chi lu； fortheir literary acquirements； tsze…yu and tsze…hsia。
the master said； 〃hui gives me no assistance。 there is nothing that i say inwhich he does not delight。〃
the master said； 〃filial indeed is min tsze…ch'ien！ other people say nothingof him different from the report of his parents and brothers。〃
nan yung was frequently repeating the lines about a white scepter stonenfucius gave him the daughter of his elder brother to wife。
chi k'ang asked which of the disciples loved to learn。 confucius replied tohim； 〃there was yen hui； he loved to learn。 unfortunately his appointed time wasshort； and he died。 now there is no one who loves to learn； as he did。〃
when yen yuan died； yen lu begged the carriage of the master to sell and getan outer shell for his son's coffin。
the master said； 〃every one calls his son his son； whether he has talents orhas not talents。 there was li； when he died； he had a coffin but no outer shell。i would not walk on foot to get a shell for him； because； having followed in therear of the great officers； it was not proper that i should walk on foot。〃
when yen yuan died； the master said； 〃alas！ heaven is destroying me！ heavenis destroying me！〃
when yen yuan died； the master bewailed him exceedingly； and the discipleswho were with him said； 〃master； your grief is excessive！〃
〃is it excessive？〃 said he。 〃if i am not to mourn bitterly for this man； forwhom should i mourn？〃
when yen yuan died； the disciples wished to give him a great funeral； andthe master said； 〃you may not do so。〃
the disciples did bury him in great style。
the master said； 〃hui behaved towards me as his father。 i have not been ableto treat him as my son。 the fault is not mine； it belongs to you； o disciples。〃
chi lu asked about serving the spirits of the dead。 the master said； 〃whileyou are not able to serve men； how can you serve their spirits？〃 chi lu added；〃i venture to ask about death？〃 he was answered； 〃while you do not know life；how can you know about death？〃
the disciple min was standing by his side； looking bland and precise； tsze…lu； looking bold and soldierly； zan yu and tsze…kung； with a free andstraightforward manner。 the master was pleased。
he said； 〃yu； there！…he will not die a natural death。〃
some parties in lu were going to take down and rebuild the long treasury。
min tsze…ch'ien said； 〃suppose it were to be repaired after its old style；…why must it be altered and made anew？〃
the master said； 〃this man seldom speaks； when he does； he is sure to hitthe point。〃
the master said； 〃what has the lute of yu to do in my door？〃
the other disciples began not to respect tszelu。 the master said； 〃yu hasascended to the hall； though he has not yet passed into the inner apartments。〃
tsze…kung asked which of the two； shih or shang； was the superior。 themaster said； 〃shih goes beyond the due mean； and shang does not e up to it。〃
〃then；〃 said tsze…kung； 〃the superiority is with shih； i suppose。〃
the master said； 〃to go beyond is as wrong as to fall short。〃
the head of the chi family was richer than the duke of chau had been； andyet ch'iu collected his imposts for him； and increased his wealth。
the master said； 〃he is no disciple of mine。 my little children； beat thedrum and assail him。〃
ch'ai is simple。 shan is dull。 shih is specious。 yu is coarse。
the master said； 〃there is hui！ he has nearly attained to perfect virtue。 heis often in want。
〃ts'ze does not acquiesce in the appointments of heaven； and his goods areincreased by him。 yet his judgments are often correct。〃
tsze…chang asked what were the characteristics of the good man。 the mastersaid； 〃he does not tread in the footsteps of others； but moreover； he does notenter the chamber of the sage。〃
the master said； 〃if； because a man's discourse appears solid and sincere；we allow him to be a good man； is he really a superior man？ or is his gravityonly in appearance？〃
tsze…lu asked whether he should immediately carry into practice what heheard。 the master said； 〃there are your father and elder brothers to beconsulted；…why should you act on that principle of immediately carrying intopractice what you hear？〃 zan yu asked the same； whether he should immediatelycarry into practice what he heard； and the master answered； 〃immediately carryinto practice what you hear。〃 kung…hsi hwa said； 〃yu asked whether he shouldcarry immediately into practice what he heard； and you said； 'there are yourfather and elder brothers to be consulted。' ch'iu asked whether he shouldimmediately carry into practice what he heard； and you said； 'carry itimmediately into practice。' i； ch'ih； am perplexed； and venture to ask you foran explanation。〃 the master said； 〃ch'iu is retiring and slow； therefore i urgedhim forward。 yu has more than his own share of energy； therefore i kept himback。〃
the master was put in fear in k'wang and yen yuan fell behind。 the master；on his rejoining him； said； 〃i thought you had died。〃 hui replied； 〃while youwere alive； how should i presume to die？〃
chi tsze…zan asked whether chung yu and zan ch'iu could be called greatministers。
the master said； 〃i thought you would ask about some extraordinaryindividuals； and you only ask about yu and ch'iu！
〃what is called a great minister； is one who serves his prince according towhat is right； and when he finds he cannot do so； retires。
〃now； as to yu and ch'iu； they may be called ordinary ministers。〃
tsze…zan said； 〃then they will always follow their chief；…win they？〃
the master said； 〃in an act of parricide or regicide； they would not followhim。〃
tsze…lu got tsze…kao appointed governor of pi。
the master said； 〃you are injuring a man's son。〃
tsze…lu said； 〃there are； there； mon people and officers； there are thealtars of the spirits of the land and grain。 why must one read books before hecan be considered to have learned？〃
the master said； 〃it is on this account that i hate your glib…tonguedpeople。〃
tsze…lu； tsang hsi； zan yu； and kung
