人类与动物心理学论稿[德]威廉·冯特 著李维 沈烈敏 校译中文版译序 《人类与动物心理学论稿》(Lectures on human and Animal Psychology)刊布于1863年。在此之前,也即1861年,冯特在施佩耶尔博物学会的天文学组内演讲其对人差方程律的心理物理学解释,1862年他又在海德堡讲演"自然科学的心理学"。以此为基础,他于1863年将其论稿整理后刊行,定名为《人类与动物心理学论稿》。这是一部极其重要的心理学著作,它记录了冯特心理学思想的形成,以及从哲学向心理学的转折,史称该书为"生理学家的朴素心理学"。该书涉及的是实验心理学多年来重点讨论的问题,例如,人差方程式和反应实验、知觉的地位、当时面世不久的心理物理法,还有许多系统的材料是冯特后来著述《生理心理学》的基础。《人类与动物心理学论稿》一经刊行,嗣后便不断再版,每次再版均有修订,前后历经六次再版,以第二版的修订量最大,而且直到1920年冯特去世后...
1993:扭转战局 他们是我的希望,让我有继续的力量; 他们是未来的希望,所有的孩子都一样。 ——李宗盛:《希望》, 1993年 64岁的“天下第一庄”庄主禹作敏盘腿坐在他那张硕大的暖炕上,神情孤傲而不安。这是1993年3月的某个傍晚。这些日子,他身不由己地卷入了一个惊天大旋涡之中。 在过去的两年里,禹作敏一直春风得意。他领导的大邱庄由一个华北盐碱地上的讨饭村变成全国最富有的村庄,《纽约时报》报道说:“大邱庄实际上就是一家大公司。这个村有4 400人,却有16辆奔驰轿车和一百多辆进口的豪华小轿车,1990年人均收入3 400美元,是全国平均收入的10倍,1992年,大邱庄的工业产值据称达到了40亿元人民币。”大邱庄成为中国民间经济迅猛成长的一个标志,所有来这里参观的人们都会惊叹于它的整洁与富有。小小的村庄由一排排红砖灰瓦的平房构成,柏油马路交织其间。路修得极好,路边立着只有大城市里才有的那种...
I stood in line, as patient as the other taxpayers, my filled out forms and my cash gripped body in my hand. Cash, money, the old fashioned green folding stuff. A local custom that I intended to make expensive to the local customers. I was scratching under the artificial beard, which itched abominably, when the man before me stepped out of the way and I was at the window. My finger stuck in the glue and I had a job freeing it without pulling the beard off as well."e, e, pass it over," the aging, hatchet-faced, bitter and shrewish female official said, hand extended impatie
不要找借口:就算一天只能写一页,一年也能出一本365页的书。要是真的写不出来,请写下250字的借口。这样一来,每天还是有在写东西。更重要的是,要不就受不了编借口,开始写作,要不就是看开了,不要再浪费时间,幻想自己能成为作家.不要把自己想得太聪明绝顶:不要瞧不起你的读者,东西不被接受是因为你的读者水准不够?!吹牛大王!!请脚踏实地,因为你的读者都是地球人.不要想炫耀自己的知识才能:好的作家可以用简单的描写表达出复杂的思想。 好的故事开始于恐惧威胁。 恐惧不一定是来自肉体或立即的危险。回想一下你自己的人生,什嘛时候你觉得快要自己快被吓死了?也许是第一天上学,也许家中有人过世,或有人离婚?也许是你要在大庭广众下发表演说?!或许是你的第一次约会?或者是你要搬家?...
His mind absorbed the scene before him, so quiet and calm and . . . normal. It was the life he had always wanted, a gathering of family and friends-he knew that they were just that, though the only one he recognized was his dear mother. This was the way it was supposed to be. The warmth and the love, the laughter and the quiet times. This was how he had always dreamed it would be, how he had always prayed it would be. The warm, inviting smiles. The pleasant conversation. The gentle pats on shoulders. But most of all there was the smile of his beloved mother, so happy n
2 CFD计算中涉及到的流体及流动的基本概念和术语:理想流体和粘性流体;牛顿流体和非牛顿流体;可压缩流体和不可压缩流体;层流和湍流;定常流动和非定常流动;亚音速与超音速流动;热传导和扩散等。3 在数值模拟过程中,如何对控制方程进行离散?如何对计算区域进行离散化?离散化的目的是什么?离散化时通常使用哪些网格?离散化常用的方法有哪些?它们有什么不同?4 常见离散格式的性能的对比(稳定性、精度和经济性)。5 在利用有限体积法建立离散方程时,必须遵守哪几个基本原则?6 流场数值计算的目的是什么?主要方法有哪些?其基本思路是什么?各自的适用范围是什么?7可压缩流动和不可压缩流动,在数值解法上各有何特点?为何不可压缩流动在求解时反而比可压缩流动有更多的困难?...
大豆起源于中国,从中国大量的古代文献可以证明。汉司马迁(公元前145~前93年)编的《史记》中,头一篇《五帝本纪》中写道:“炎帝欲侵陵诸侯,诸侯咸归轩辕。轩辕乃修德振兵,治五气,鞠五种,抚万民,庆四方。”郑玄曰:“五种,黍稷菽麦稻也。”司马迁在《史记*卷二十七》中写道:“铺至下铺,为菽”,由此可见轩辕黄帝时已种菽。”朱绍侯主编的《中国古代史》中谈到商代(公元前16世纪~前11世纪)经济和文化的发展时指出:“主要的农作物,如黍、稷、粟、麦(大麦)、来(小麦)、秕、稻、菽(大豆)等都见于《卜辞》。”卜慕华指出:“以我国而言,公元前1000年以前殷商时代有了甲骨文,当然记载得非常有限。在农作物方面,辨别出有黍、稷、豆、麦、稻、桑等,是当时人民主要依以为生的作物。”清严可均校辑《全上古三代秦汉三国六朝文》卷一中指出:“大豆生于槐。出于沮石之峪中。九十日华。六十日熟。凡一百五十日成,忌于卯。...
The Secret Face of Genesis I He is a transformer of human flesh; a creator of monsters. If a Supplicant es to him with sufficient need, sufficient hunger for change-knowing how painful that change will be-he will acmodate them. They bee objects of perverse beauty beneath his hand; their bodies remade in fashions that they have no power to dictate. Over the years, over the centuries, indeed, this extraordinary creature has gone by many names. But we will call him by the first name he was ever given: AGONISTES. Where would a Supplicant find him? Usually in what he cal
I ignored the questions in the eyes of the groom as I lowered the grisly parcel and turned the horse in for care and maintenance. My cloak could not really conceal the nature of its contents as I slung the guts over my shoulder and stamped off toward the rear entrance to the palace. Hell would soon be demanding its paycheck. I skirted the exercise area and made my way to the trail that led toward the southern end of the palace gardens. Fewer eyes along that route. I would still be spotted, but it would be a lot less awkward than going in the front way, where things are a
Chapter 1 A Sunny Day in Londontown 3Chapter 2 Cops and Royals 14Chapter 3 Flowers and Families 37Chapter 4 Players 53Chapter 5 Perqs and Plots 67Chapter 6 Trials and Troubles 80Chapter 7 Speedbird Home 101Chapter 8 Information 115Chapter 9 A Day for Celebration 130Chapter 10 Plans and Threats 146Chapter 11 Warnings 156Chapter 12 Homeing 172Chapter 13 Visitors 187Chapter 14 Second Chances 198Chapter 15 Shock and Trauma 221Chapter 16 Objectives and Patriots 233Chapter 17 Recriminations and Decisions 245Chapter 18 Lights 257Chapter 19 Tests and Passing Grades 268...
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OXFORD ONE THE DECANTER OF TOKAY Lyra and her daemon moved through the darkening hall, taking care to keep to one side, out of sight of the kitchen. The three great tables that ran the length of the hall were laid already, the silver and the glass catching what little light there was, and the long benches were pulled out ready for the guests. Portraits of former Masters hung high up in the gloom along the walls. Lyra reached the dais and looked back at the open kitchen door, and, seeing no one, stepped up beside the high table. The places here were laid with g
四年八月七日钱 学森今天来自全国各地从事思维科学工作的同志们维的问题,已经研究很久了。也就是因为堂,开一个学术讨论会,一起研究问题。我想我们这个会有三个目的:第一个,我们这些搞思维科学的同志们,都是来自五湖四海,过去可能在书信上或文章上交往过,是相知的,但不相识。比如我和在座的好多同志都有书信往来,但没有见过面,今天是第一次见面,大家互相认识一下,这是一件事。第二个,思维科学这门字问,我想,说新么也新,要说不新吧它也不新,因为关于这个原因,同志们对于思维科学的看法,可能是各种各样的。在这个会上我们交换一下看法,本着求同存异的精神,础了。至于不最后总可以得出一些共同的认识。这样,今后的工作就有基...
前言 译者序 第一章第二章 第三章 第四章第五章 语录 跋小辞典前 言 我写《时间简史》时最主要的目的,是要告诉大家在理解制约宇宙的定律方面当代最新的进展。如果能用一种简单的方式而且不用方程式来解释这些基本观念,我想别人也会感到和我一样的兴奋和赞叹。我听说,每用一道方程式都会使书的销售数目减半。但是这没有关系。如果你要做统计就必须用到方程式,不过这些是数学枯燥的部分。大多数有趣的观念用文字或图画就能表达了。史蒂芬·霍金一九九二年一月 剑桥译者序 宇宙学是当代发展最神速的尖端科学前沿之一。人类对宇宙的关注可以追溯到文明的开端,而人们对宇宙的神秘感可以说是与生俱来。霍金的《时间简史》在全世界受欢迎的程度便是最有力的证明。...