论语(英文版)-第3部分
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em； had a stand on which to place their inverted cups。 kwan hadalso such a stand。 if kwan knew the rules of propriety； who does not know them？〃
the master instructing the grand music master of lu said； 〃how to play musicmay be known。 at the mencement of the piece； all the parts should soundtogether。 as it proceeds； they should be in harmony while severally distinct andflowing without break； and thus on to the conclusion。〃
the border warden at yi requested to be introduced to the master； saying；〃when men of superior virtue have e to this； i have never been denied theprivilege of seeing them。〃 the followers of the sage introduced him； and when hecame out from the interview； he said； 〃my friends； why are you distressed byyour master's loss of office？ the kingdom has long been without the principlesof truth and right； heaven is going to use your master as a bell with its woodentongue。〃
the master said of the shao that it was perfectly beautiful and alsoperfectly good。 he said of the wu that it was perfectly beautiful but notperfectly good。
the master said； 〃high station filled without indulgent generosity；ceremonies performed without reverence； mourning conducted without sorrow；…wherewith should i contemplate such ways？〃
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the master said； 〃it is virtuous manners which constitute the excellence ofa neighborhood。 if a man in selecting a residence do not fix on one where suchprevail； how can he be wise？〃
the master said； 〃those who are without virtue cannot abide long either in acondition of poverty and hardship； or in a condition of enjoyment。 the virtuousrest in virtue； the wise desire virtue。〃
the master said； 〃it is only the truly virtuous man； who can love； or whocan hate； others。〃
the master said； 〃if the will be set on virtue； there will be no practice ofwickedness。〃
the master said； 〃riches and honors are what men desire。 if they cannot beobtained in the proper way； they should not be held。 poverty and meanness arewhat men dislike。 if they cannot be avoided in the proper way； they should notbe avoided。
〃if a superior man abandon virtue； how can he fulfill the requirements ofthat name？
〃the superior man does not； even for the space of a single meal； actcontrary to virtue。 in moments of haste； he cleaves to it。 in seasons of danger；he cleaves to it。〃
the master said； 〃i have not seen a person who loved virtue； or one whohated what was not virtuous。 he who loved virtue； would esteem nothing above it。he who hated what is not virtuous； would practice virtue in such a way that hewould not allow anything that is not virtuous to approach his person。
〃is any one able for one day to apply his strength to virtue？ i have notseen the case in which his strength would be insufficient。
〃should there possibly be any such case； i have not seen it。〃
the master said； 〃the faults of men are characteristic of the class to whichthey belong。 by observing a man's faults； it may be known that he is virtuous。〃
the master said； 〃if a man in the morning hear the right way； he may die inthe evening hear regret。〃
the master said； 〃a scholar； whose mind is set on truth； and who is ashamedof bad clothes and bad food； is not fit to be discoursed with。〃
the master said； 〃the superior man； in the world； does not set his mindeither for anything； or against anything； what is right he will follow。〃
the master said； 〃the superior man thinks of virtue； the small man thinks offort。 the superior man thinks of the sanctions of law； the small man thinksof favors which he may receive。〃
the master said： 〃he who acts with a constant view to his own advantage willbe much murmured against。〃
the master said； 〃if a prince is able to govern his kingdom with theplaisance proper to the rules of propriety； what difficulty will he have？ ifhe cannot govern it with that plaisance； what has he to do with the rules ofpropriety？〃
the master said； 〃a man should say； i am not concerned that i have no place；i am concerned how i may fit myself for one。 i am not concerned that i am notknown； i seek to be worthy to be known。〃
the master said； 〃shan； my doctrine is that of an all…pervading unity。〃 thedisciple tsang replied； 〃yes。〃
the master went out； and the other disciples asked； saying； 〃what do hiswords mean？〃 tsang said； 〃the doctrine of our master is to be true to theprinciples…of our nature and the benevolent exercise of them to others；…this andnothing more。〃
the master said； 〃the mind of the superior man is conversant withrighteousness； the mind of the mean man is conversant with gain。〃
the master said； 〃when we see men of worth； we should think of equaling them；when we see men of a contrary character； we should turn inwards and examineourselves。〃
the master said； 〃in serving his parents； a son may remonstrate with them；but gently； when he sees that they do not incline to follow his advice； he showsan increased degree of reverence； but does not abandon his purpose； and shouldthey punish him； he does not allow himself to murmur。〃
the master said； 〃while his parents are alive； the son may not go abroad toa distance。 if he does go abroad； he must have a fixed place to which he goes。〃
the master said； 〃if the son for three years does not alter from the way ofhis father； he may be called filial。〃
the master said； 〃the years of parents may by no means not be kept in thememory； as an occasion at once for joy and for fear。〃
the master said； 〃the reason why the ancients did not readily give utteranceto their words； was that they feared lest their actions should not e up tothem。〃
the master said； 〃the cautious seldom err。〃
the master said； 〃the superior man wishes to be slow in his speech andearnest in his conduct。〃
the master said； 〃virtue is not left to stand alone。 he who practices itwill have neighbors。〃
tsze…yu said； 〃in serving a prince； frequent remonstrances lead to disgrace。between friends； frequent reproofs make the friendship distant。〃
5
the master said of kung…ye ch'ang that he might be wived； although he wasput in bonds； he had not been guilty of any crime。 accordingly； he gave him hisown daughter to wife。
of nan yung he said that if the country were well governed he would not beout of office； and if it were in governed； he would escape punishment anddisgrace。 he gave him the daughter of his own elder brother to wife。
the master said of tsze…chien； 〃of superior virtue indeed is such a man！ ifthere were not virtuous men in lu； how could this man have acquired thischaracter？〃
tsze…kung asked； 〃what do you say of me； ts'ze！〃 the master said； 〃you are autensil。〃 〃what utensil？〃 〃a gemmed sacrificial utensil。〃
some one said； 〃yung is truly virtuous； but he is not ready with histongue。〃
the master said； 〃what is the good of being ready with the tongue？ they whoencounter men with smartness of speech for the most part procure themselveshatred。 i know not whether he be truly virtuous； but why should he showreadiness of the tongue？〃
the master was wishing ch'i…tiao k'ai to enter an official employment。 hereplied； 〃i am not yet able to rest in the assurance of this。〃 the master waspleased。
the master said； 〃my doctrines make no way。 i will get upon a raft； andfloat about on the sea。 he that will acpany me will be yu； i dare say。〃 tsze…lu hearing this was glad； upon which the master said； 〃yu is fonder of daringthan i am。 he does not exercise his judgment upon matters。〃
mang wu asked about tsze…lu； whether he was perfectly virtuous。 the mastersaid； 〃i do not know。〃
he asked again； when the master replied； 〃in a kingdom of a thousandchariots； yu might be employed to manage the military levies； but i do not knowwhether he be perfectly virtuous。〃
〃and what do you say of ch'iu？〃 the master replied； 〃in a city of a thousandfamilies； or a clan of a hundred chariots； ch'iu might be employed as governor；but i do not know whether he is perfectly virtuous。〃
〃what do you say of ch'ih？〃 the master replied； 〃with his sash girt andstanding in a court； ch'ih might be employed to converse with the visitors andguests； but i do not know whether he is perfectly virtuous。〃
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